01 口语考试内容以及注意事项
part one：chatting: 4-5minis, 每个问题25s。
3 topics 12 Questions
- Topic 1 (4 question): Hometown; Accommodation; Studies/ Work
- Topic 2&Topic 3: Friends, Toys, Relatives,Computers….
回答Part one 的步骤：
- 回应问题，考官问什么，答什么
- 说原因
- 举例子
- 详细描述：when;where;who;what
以上未必都要包含，但是可以从这几个方面来考虑，尽量每个问题凑够25s
如果没听清对方说的是什么怎么办？
Sorry?
Could you please say it again?
What do you mean by …? ….是什么意思（用来问某个词）
Part two: Monologue；cue card；one minute to prepare for it；1-2 mins to talk about it
A happy childhood event
Describe a happy event from your childhood that you remember well.
You should say:
- what the event was
- when and where it happened
- who was with you
- and explain why you remember this event so well
不需要所有问题都答，根据情况可以漏一两个
Part three: Discussion；8-10 questions；每个问题15s-35s
based on your answers in Part two
There is no RIGHT or WRONG answers.
这个阶段的问题都比较抽象，比较考验硬实力
02 评分标准的要点
02.1 Fluency and coherence
Fluency : No hesitation; self correction; repetition
如果说错了，不要去重复，可以说，I mean +…
如果感觉自己说了，但是如果想不出，那就不管他
如果自己要想一下，需要犹豫一下，可以说一下句式，缓解一下：
- It’s hard to say…
- ummm…let me think about it…
- Well…I’m not sure…
- I’ve never thought about it before.
coherence: conjunctions and discourse markers
因为: because // as for // The main reason is…// Another factor is…
所以： so // therefore // As a result,
首先: First of all // Firstly // Primarily // Off the top of my head…
除此之外: Besides // On top of that // Plus; Also…
语气词
- definitely; absolutely
- honestly
- generally; personally
- actually
- basically; In most cases,
- obviously…
02.2 Lexical resource
Paraphrase successfully
高频词换成相对低频:
- Do you think perfume is important?
- necessary /ˈnes.ə.ser.i/
- vital /ˈvaɪ.təl/
- crucial /ˈkruː.ʃəl/
- beautiful places?
- marvelous /ˈmɑː.vəl.əs/
- breath-taking /breθ ˈteɪkɪŋ/
- picturesque /ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/
- Do you like …
- love/enjoy
- be into
- be a big fan of
- be obsessed with /əbˈsest/
- be keen on
- prefer
- go for
- interesting
- enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/
- entertaining /ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/
- engaging /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/
翻译不出来的时候，可以解释
我在家乡感觉如鱼得水 = 我感觉对一切都很熟悉；有很多朋友; 有归属感
- be familiar with everything;
- many close friends；
- have a sense of belonging / bɪˈlɒŋɪŋ /
idiomatic; collocation——地道
交通拥堵：
- congested / kənˈdʒestɪd /
- jammed / dʒæmd /
- packed / pækt /
我很累：
- tired /ˈtaɪəd/
- exhausted /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
- feel burnt out /ˌbɜːnt ˈaʊt/
02.3 Grammatical range and accuracy
Accuracy: ① 单复数；② he/ she； ③过去时态；④there be/have
Range:
What sports do you usually do in your spare time?
In my spare time, I usually play basketball. 要学会改主语，拜托中文思维，不要总用人称代词做主语
用动名词做主语：Playing basketball is my first choice.
用it做主语：
- It’s basketball that I enjoy most.
- It’s very enjoyable for me to play basketball.
用What开头：What I enjoy most is basketball.
what attract me is
what I believe is
when/if 开头
there be
02.4 Pronunciation
understood：重音错误
- celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/
- celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/
- celebrity /səˈlebrəti/
- industry /ˈɪn.də.stri/
- industrial /ɪnˈdʌs.tri.əl/
phonetic features：
句子层面重读：实词要重读
There is a jujube tree in front of my house.
音调：多用上扬语调
02.5 如何做口语练习：
发音：跟读 剑桥听力，放一句，跟一句
- intonation /ˌɪntəˈneɪʃn/ 语调
- sentence level stress 句子重音
视译练习：
- 中英文对比的文章：新概念/ted/samples
- 盖上英文：口头翻译出英文来。中间不能停
- 对比英文原文：词，句型
- 重复第一步，重新翻译
练习题库
03 Part one
如何延展答案：①给原因；②举例 (when where who what)；③分类别/分情况 ；④ in the future
答题思路：语气词+回应题目+部分延展（原因，举例等等）
更重要：准备相关的词汇
1 Hometown
Where are you from?
描述类—>没有原因—>where when what
I’m from Qingdao which is a seaside city located in the east part of China. It’s a very young city and you probably have heard about it because Qingdao beer is pretty famous.
Do you like your hometown?
Definitely yes. I love everything in my hometown, （同义词替换）especially the seafood+ summer/ barbecued seafood/ street market. Also, the weather of my hometown is so pleasant, I mean it’s neither too cold in winters nor too hot in summers.
Are there anything you dislike about your hometown?
Honestly, I don’t like the weather / living cost / packed traffic
堵车的其他表达：being stuck in the traffic=
Do you think your hometown will change in the future?
Yes, I guess…/ I predict that there might be more underground lines or more train stations because we need better transportation facilities to accommodate bigger population.
2 Accommodation
Do you live in a house or a flat?
Actually, I live in a flat which is located in the city centre. It’s not very big but very cozy and I moved in last year.
Which room do you like most?
I guess it’s my bedroom as it’s a really private place for me.
study: read; play video games;
living room: watch TV with my families / well-decorated / sunny
If you can change one thing of that room, what would you do?
Actually, I might change the color of walls / curtains
Do you like the neighborhood that you are living in?
Yes: ①nice neighbors; ②lots of activities to do; ③gyms and parks are within walkable distance
Not really: ①too noisy；②not vibrant；③far away from the central area
3 Studies/ Work
Are you a student or do you work?
Currently, I’m working as an English teacher in a local primary school. Mainly, I teach grammar and advanced reading.
Do you like your job?
Absolutely, I love my job. I would say teaching is an arduous but rewarding job. Plus, the pay is pretty good.
arduous /ˈɑːdjuəs/ 艰苦的;艰难的
rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/ 值得做的；有益的
Not really…simply because it’s really tiring and I feel really frustrated when I meet some naughty students and angry parents.
frustrated /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/ 沮丧的; 失意的;
naughty /ˈnɔːti/ 淘气的;顽皮的;
angry /ˈæŋɡri/
Are you planning to change your job in the near future?
Yes…my plan is to study in the UK for one year to gain more knowledge in the field. After that, I’ll probably work for another school because it has more flexible working hours.
Yes…I want to change my career path totally. Maybe I want to challenge myself a bit by starting my own business online.
4. Bags
Do you usually carry a bag?
Yes, all the time. When I go to school, I will carry a backpack which is big enough for me to carry my books, laptops and my lunch box. If I’m doing some grocery shopping, what I will use is a tote made of denim because it has good capacity and it’s very durable.
What kinds of bags do you like?
Different types of bags：totes；backpacks；messenger bags(斜挎包;邮递员包)；clutches(女式小手提包)；briefcases(公文包)
I guess it’s down to different occasions. For day-to-day use, like going to school, or a library, I will go with a backpack. My black backpack matches my casual dressing style very well. Also, a clutch(/klʌtʃ/) with bright gems(/dʒɛmz/ 宝石) and stones will be suitable for some other occasions, like a banquet(/ˈbæŋkwɪt/宴会) or a party. It will be the perfect finishing touch(完美点睛之笔) for my outfits(/ˈaʊtfɪts/ 全套服装，装束).
Do you often change bags?
topic-related words：
- Stylish: match personal styles
- For different occasions (occasions /əˈkeɪʒnz/)
- Carry heavy things: books/ outdoor activity gears
- Social status: designer bags (designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ 名牌的)
- A gift: practical and fancy（fancy /ˈfænsi/ 精致的; 花哨的）
- Pricey (costly; expensive; too much for me)（Pricey /ˈpraɪsi/ 昂贵的）
- Too small: not functional
- Poor quality
- Be out-of-date –> obsolete（out-of-date/ˌaʊt əv ˈdeɪt/ obsolete /ˈɒbsəliːt/）
- a bit tacky（tacky /ˈtæki/ 俗气的; 低劣的;）
Not really…I mean, it could be very expensive and pricey to buy different bags, especially those designer bags. In addition, I don’ feel like putting all my stuff, like keys, wallet, cardholder, notebooks from one bag to another all the time. I just cannot be bothered(我就是不在乎). So I always choose bags that could well match most of my clothes.
5. tea and coffee
- 种类：
- tea: green/ black/ oolong(/ˈuː.lɒŋ/ 乌龙茶)/ jasmine( /ˈdʒæz.mɪn/ 茉莉)
- coffee: black/ Americano( /əˌmer.ɪˈkɑː.nəʊ/ 美式咖啡)/ Latte(/ˈlɑːteɪ/ 拿铁(一种加热奶的浓咖啡))/ Cappuccino(/ˌkæpuˈtʃiːnəʊ/)
- 优点：
- taste nice
- benefit our immunity(/ɪˈmjuːnəti/)
- boost my energy 提升
- tea art —> hang out with friends 与朋友一起闲逛/聚会
- café —> chat with friends
- yummy/tasty：好吃/味道好
- palatable /ˈpælətəbl/ 可口的
- savoury 咸味的;辛辣的 也有“可口的”意思，
- has rich flavours 味道丰富
- 缺点：
- too bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ 苦的;
- cannot fall asleep during the night time
- make me feel jittery and nervous (/ˈdʒɪtəri/ 紧张不安的)
- too pricey to grab a cup of joe everyday (/ˈdʒəʊ/咖啡的口语表达)
6. Cinema and movies (leisure time: books/ reading/ TV shows)
- 种类：action；romance /rəʊˈmæns/ ；horror；comedy
- 好处：
- enjoy the plots(/plɒts/) of the story —> indulge(/ɪnˈdʌldʒ/ 使沉迷) myself in different stories
- amazing sound and visual(/ˈvɪʒuəl/) effects
- surprising ending
- admire the main characters
- 坏处：
- disappointing ending
- terrifying(/ˈterɪfaɪɪŋ/) image/ monsters
- tickets are expensive
- time-consuming
7.Rainy days
种类：heavy rain；rain shower(/ˈʃaʊə(r)/阵雨)；drizzle (/ˈdrɪzl/n.毛毛细雨 v.下毛毛雨 )；thunder storm(/ˈθʌndə(r) stɔːm/ 雷雨)
好处：
- refresh the air
- slow down the pace of the world
- rain drops(雨滴) —> romantic and tranquil(/ˈtræŋkwɪl/adj.宁静的;)
- cool down the temperature
坏处：
- get soaked(/səʊkt/ 湿透的) and slushy(/ˈslʌʃi/ 泥泞的)
- slippery(/ˈslɪpəri/ 滑的) floor- –> jammed(/dʒæmd/拥挤不堪的 ) traffic
- feel a bit blue
- carry an umbrella( /ʌmˈbrel.ə/) everywhere
8. Ice cream
Ice cream = gelato /dʒəˈlɑː.təʊ/ 冰淇淋
vanilla /vəˈnɪlə/ 香草味的;
chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ 巧克力的
sorbet /ˈsɔːbeɪ/ 冰糕 ; 雪糕
yogurt /ˈjɒɡət/ 酸奶; frozen yogurt 冷冻酸奶
why Ice cream：
- tasty and palatable
- soothing and healing power /ˈsuː.ðɪŋ/ /ˈhiːlɪŋ/ 舒缓和治愈的力量
- pass romantic messages
- gift/ cake
- lots of choices
why should not we Ice cream：
fattening /ˈfætnɪŋ/ 要使人发胖的
too cold
binge on it easily
binge /bɪndʒ/ binge on sth 大吃大喝
其他表达：
- vanilla and chocolate flavored ice cream
- nothing can compete(/kəmˈpiːt/) a bite of cold and creamy(/ˈkriːmi/) ice cream 没有什么能比得上一口冰冷的奶油冰淇淋
- a hot and scorching(/ˈskɔːtʃɪŋ/ 酷热的) summer day 炎热的夏日
- comfort food (令人心情愉快但可能无益健康的)安慰食品
- feeling down or stressed (/strest/) 情绪低落或有压力
- I loved …. so much that I…… 我爱……以至于我……
- be allowed to
- bad digestion /bæd daɪˈdʒestʃən/ 消化不良
- serve the best hand-made vanilla ice cream 供应最好的手工香草冰淇淋
- I don’t have a clue about how to make ice cream 我对如何做冰淇淋一无所知。
- it involves lots of ingredients 它涉及很多成分
- syrup /ˈsɪrəp/ 糖浆
- it feels more realistic(/ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/) to buy ice cream instead of making it. 买冰激凌比做冰激凌感觉更现实。
9. Ambition and dream
- ambitious
- goal-oriented /ɡəʊl ˈɔːrientɪd/
- motivated
- determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/
- purposeful /ˈpɜːpəsfl/ 有意义的；有目的的；
- striving /ˈstraɪvɪŋ/ 努力;奋斗
- to live in the moment 活在当下
- person who**’s involved in** overly fierce competition(/fɪəs ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/) 参与过激烈竞争的人(内卷的人)
- be always after good scores or promotion 总是追求好成绩或升职
- I’m not like that anymore. 我不再是那样了。
- own a toy store 拥有一家玩具店
- a colorful space filled with playful toys 充满好玩玩具的彩色空间
- The idea fascinated(/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/) me 这个想法使我着迷
- board games 棋盘游戏
- my dreams have shifted(/ˈʃɪftɪd/) since then 从那以后，我的梦想发生了变化
- remains a cherished(/ˈtʃerɪʃt/) memory 仍然是一份珍贵的记忆
- Become a freelancer(/ˈfriːlɑːnsə(r)/) 成为自由职业者
- a street animal shelter(/ˈʃeltə(r)) 街头动物收容所
- something I’m really into 我真正喜欢的东西
- I kind of change my dreams all the time. 我一直在改变我的梦想。
- Setting the bar really high at the beginning, I gradually lost my drive. 一开始把标准定得很高，我逐渐失去了动力。
10. Geography
类别/ 同义词替换：
- Physical geography(/dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/)
- the study of the natural characteristics(/ˌkærɪktəˈrɪstɪks/) of the Earth
- allowing us to see what lies beneath(/bɪˈniːθ/) the Earth’s ice caps and oceans
- Human geography
- involves understanding humans’ backgrounds, various ideologies(/ˌaɪdɪˈɒlədʒiz/思想(体系);意识形态 )
- the discipline(/ˈdɪsəplɪn/(尤指大学里的) 学科) also studies how groups of people organize themselves in the particular regions that they inhabit
好处：
- Interesting and engaging(/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/令人愉快的): culture diversity(/daɪˈvɜːsəti/文化多样性); different customs(/ˈkʌstəmz/ 风俗；习俗)
- many modern and practical applications: tourism(/ˈtʊərɪzəm/ 旅游业); mining(/ˈmaɪnɪŋ/ 采矿;采矿业); marketing
- explore the links(/lɪŋks/联系；关系) between human and the nature
- raise people’s awareness of the environment protection
坏处：
- Boring teacher
- Too much to memorize: produce most cotton; the biggest freshwater(/ˈfreʃwɔːtə(r)/淡水的;淡水中生长的 ) lake
- Bad score
- Not related to my major 与我的专业无关
04. Part two
人物题：名人+普通人
外貌：第一印象+两个细节
印象：
- positive
- gorgeous
- knowledgeable and profound
- approachable
- fashionable
细节
- sparkling eyes
- big blue eyes
- warm smile
- a pair of glasses
注意：不要总是he/she开头，句型要多样
我第一见到他的时候。觉得他是个很阳光的人，眼睛很大有神，笑容很温暖
when I met him for the first time,what impressed me were his sparkling eyes and warm smile,making him look very positive and approachable.
关键的思维：主动变被动
性格: IQ EQ
- be talented in sth
- intelligent and wise
- adventurous
- hard-working
影响
- role model ：become a person like him/ her
- cheer me up
- I become better at…
普通人：范文
Describe a person you know who is from a different culture.
You should say:
- who this person is
- how you know this person
- what this person does
- and explain how you feel about this person.
I’d like to talk about a person who comes from a different culture. Actually, he’s my English teacher Eric who is in his early 30s and Eric is from the States.
开场白： I’d like to talk about…
who: 名字+ 大体年龄
注意不要回答过长
I met him about last year from a local training school. Even now I can remember when I met him for the first time, what impressed me were his sparkling eyes and warm smile, making him look very positive and approachable.
回答如何认识的时候，记得用when where + 外貌
impressed /ɪmˈprest/
sparkling /ˈspɑːklɪŋ/ 闪耀的;闪烁的;
approachable /əˈprəʊtʃəbl/ adj.可接近的;能达到的;和蔼可亲的;易理解的
As to what Eric does…mainly he is an English teacher, teaching grammar and reading in our school. Besides, Eric works as a part-time football coach in a local primary school as he’s a big fan of football and very good with kids.
分种类： mainly… besides
可以用as to/ speaking of/ talking about等来作为 题目之间的衔接
coach /kəʊtʃ/
Moving onto how I feel about Eric…well, I feel he is an interesting man. It must be his talents in teaching that make me feel so. Rather than pushing students to memorize grammatical rules or vocabularies by rote, what Eric does is to design different activities, like playing different roles in a drama, writing scripts or charades, to get us fully involved in the class. I can always learn things in a very fun way.
给出原因： 论点 –> 原因 –> 例子 –> 结果/ 影响
使用 moving onto + 问题来告诉考官我讲到最后一问了
Rather than /ˈrɑːðə(r) ðæn/
grammatical /ɡrəˈmætɪkl/ adj.语法的;文法的;符合语法规则的
rules /ruːlz/
rote /rəʊt/ n.死记硬背
charade /ʃəˈrɑːd/ n.猜字谜; charades /ʃəˈrɑːdz/
fully /ˈfʊli/ 充分地;完全地;
On top of that, Eric is an adventurous person who enjoys a spontaneous and positive life style, by which I mean, whenever he has some ideas, he will take actions straight away. As a backpacker, Eric travels around the world, bringing all those awesome stories about what he saw and what he experienced to share with us.
I think he is an interesting and professional teacher who really helps build my interests in learning.
另一个原因： 论点–>例子–> 结果/ 影响
On top of that 除此之外：表示在已经提到的事物之外，还有其他事物需要考虑。
spontaneous / spɒnˈteɪniəs / 自然的; 自发的 (行为)
straight /streɪt/ straight away 马上
backpacker / ˈbækpækə(r) / n.背包旅行者，背包客
world /wɜːld/
bringing /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/
awesome /ˈɔːsəm/ adj.很好的(或极好玩的等);令人惊叹的;
saw /sɔː/ see的过去式
experienced /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/
share /ʃeə(r)/
professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ 读出来像是 /pəˈfeʃənl/
In the future…
如果时间不够，还可以描述将来
名人：范文
Describe a singer or band that you like.
You should say:
- who he or she is
- how you knew about him or her
- what he or she sings
- and explain why you like him / her.
I‘d like to talk about a famous singer that I admire a lot. He’s called Jay Chow, a Taiwanese singer in his early 40s.
名字+ 年龄
Taiwanese /taɪwəˈniːz/
I knew about him when I was still in my middle school. I watched his music video on TV. Even now I can remember what really impressed me were his small but sparkling eyes and very special way to rap, making him very sound very cool and stylish.
when where + 外貌
knew /njuː/ know的过去式
stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ 时尚的;时髦的;高雅的;
As to what he sings…well… in the early years of his career, he mainly sang some pop and R& B songs. However, Jay has been trying a variety of music styles. Now, he puts some hip-hop elements and rapping into his songs.
分类别
sings /sɪŋz/ sang /sæŋ/ sing的过去式 songs /sɒŋz/
variety /vəˈraɪəti/
elements /ˈelɪmənts/
rapping /ˈræpɪŋ/
Moving onto why I like Jay so much. Firstly, it must be his talents in music. I mean, most of his songs are composed by himself. What he does is to mix elements from western music, liking rapping into some songs with Chinese style lyrics and surprisingly, those songs sound really exciting and help him to win many music awards.
Besides that, what I like about Jay is his hard work and diligence. Being the most popular singer in China or even Asia, he’s never late for his rehearsals or interviews. To make his concerts more entertaining, he even started to learn how to dance.
Basically, he’s my role model and his songs carry so many of my memories.
原因+例子+影响
composed /kəmˈpəʊzd/
lyrics /ˈlɪrɪks/ 歌词
surprisingly /sə(r)ˈpraɪzɪŋli/ adv.令人惊讶地;
exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/
awards /əˈwɔːdz/
diligence /ˈdɪlɪdʒəns/ n.勤奋;勤勉;
Asia /‘eɪʒə/
rehearsals /rɪˈhɜːsəlz/ 排练
entertaining /ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/
started /ˈstɑːtɪd/
Basically /ˈbeɪsɪkli/ 总的说来
role model /ˈrəʊl mɒdl/ n.楷模;行为榜样
memories /ˈmɛməriz/
地点题
自然美的语料
on the top of the mountain+ beside the lake
What do you want to do?
- have a bird’s view of the city
- the crystal clear water –> glittering and rippling
- enjoy the fresh air which is mixed with the fragrance of flowers
- listen to birds twittering –> tranquil and serene environment
- grab some snacks, sitting on the meadow
- play stone skipping
- feel the refreshing breeze and warm sunshine
- calm my nerves
- escape from the city into the nature, leaving all my problems behind
- release my stress
- chill out
如何想出这些语料：
从5个感官：看 闻 听 尝 感受
自然美：范文
Describe a park/garden which you like visiting.
You should say:
- where the park is
- when and how often you visit it
- what you do there
- and why you like visiting it.
I’d like to talk about a park that I enjoy visiting. Actually, it’s called Yushan Park that is really close to my flat. It probably takes only about 10 mins for me to walk there.
名字+ 位置 （可以和自己的学校/ 住处进行对比）
- it’ s close to my flat/ it’s right next to my university.
- It takes about 10 mins walking/ driving from my home.
- It’s within walking distance.
probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv.可能;大概;几乎肯定
I go to this park very often. In the summer time, I go there to jog almost every morning to keep me fit. Even when it’s really cold, like in late autumns or winters, I still visit the café in the park or take a walk there after dinners.
分类别： 使用不同的时间，回答频率和时间段
个人看法：这段可以不需要，可以把when and how often you visit it和what you do there合起来回答
jog /dʒɒɡ/
late autumns 深秋 autumns /ˈɔːtəmz/
winters /ˈwɪntəz/
café /ˈkæfeɪ/
As I have mentioned, the park is an ideal place for me to do some exercises, so I often jog there in the morning. Sometimes, when the weather is really nice, what I enjoy doing is just to sit beside the lake, watching the glittering and rippling water, thinking about nothing. Or in winters, going to the café and grabbing some warm beverage would also be a very nice choice.
如果前面已经提到一些内容，就用 As I have mentioned,
接着我们分情况讨论： 可以细化一下具体会干什么
mentioned /ˈmenʃnd/
exercises /ˈeksəsaɪzɪz/
weather /ˈweðə(r)/
glittering /ˈɡlɪtərɪŋ/ adj.闪闪发光的;华丽的;辉煌的;
rippling /ˈrɪplɪŋ/ adj.声如潺潺流水的；起涟漪的
glittering and rippling water 波光粼粼的水
grabbing /ˈɡræbɪŋ/
beverage / ˈbevərɪdʒ / 饮料
有的时候第三问会问： what it is like/ looks like
As to what this park looks like… well, I would say it’s not very big but has got everything I need. When I walk into it, the first thing comes into my sight is a quite big lake in the middle of the park. On the left hand side, there is small garden where people can enjoy some nice plants, especially some seasonal flowers. On the right wing of the park, you can find a café which is for people to enjoy some nice beverage, taking a rest.
大体将其分为三个部分： 中间，左边，右边
表述一个地点的样子：重点考察方位词
sight /saɪt/
quite /kwaɪt/ quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ 安静的
middle /ˈmɪdl/
plants /plɑːnts/
seasonal /ˈsiːzən(ə)l/ adj.季节性的;
flowers /ˈflaʊəz/
Moving onto why I enjoy visiting the Yushan park so much…first of all, it’s a free community park instead of a tourist attraction. That means, it’s never packed with people and the environment there is perfect. Whenever I’m in the park, all I could hear would be the birds’ twittering and chirping around me rather than the noise of the city, which makes me feel so calm and pleasant.
论点是环境好：使用“听觉”来support
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/
instead of /ɪnˈsted əv/
tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/ attraction /əˈtrækʃn/
packed /pækt/ be packed with 挤满;充满;装满
environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
twittering /ˈtwɪtərɪŋ/ 吱吱的鸟叫，叽叽喳喳的鸟鸣
chirping /ˈtʃɜːpɪŋ/ 叽叽喳喳地讲话
twittering and chirping 叽叽喳喳
noise /nɔɪz/
pleasant /ˈpleznt/ adj.宜人的;令人愉快的;
Also, what attracts me to visit the park is the fresh air. Taking a deep breath, I can take in the air mixed with the fragrance of flowers and meadow and that really boosts my energy. Staying in the parking makes me feel like escaping from the city into the arms of the nature, leaving all my problems behind. Basically, it’s a wonderful place to spend some time alone and get relaxed.
使用“嗅觉”和“感觉”来support
breath /breθ/
mixed /mɪkst/
fragrance / ˈfreɪɡrəns / 香味 /r/好像不发
meadow / ˈmedəʊ / 草地
boosts /buːsts/
relaxed /rɪˈlækst/adj.放松的;轻松的
城市美：范文
Describe a place you want to visit that is far away from your home
You should say:
- where it would be
- how you would like to go there
- what you would do there
- and explain why you would like to go there.
I’d like to talk about a place that is far away from my home. Actually, it’s a city called Xishuangbanna located in the Southwest of China. It’ pretty far from hometown and takes about 4 hours to fly there.
地方名+位置
located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/
It’s pretty far from my hometown and takes about 4 hours to fly there. Actually, I plan to go there next summer break with my best friend Eric, an adventurous person who is also super into travelling.
how + when + who
adventurous /ədˈventʃərəs/
There could be a bunch of things I would like to do there. During the day time, I want to walk around the place to enjoy the tropical plants or maybe visit some botanical gardens and forest park nearby. During the night time, what I really look forward is to visit the night market along the Meigong river.
分种类/情况：白天+晚上
bunch /bʌntʃ/ a bunch of 一束；一群；一堆
tropical / ˈtrɒpɪk(ə)l /
botanical /bəˈtænɪkl/ adj.植物学的 botanical gardens 植物园
forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ forest park 森林公园
Speaking of the reasons why I want to travel to Xishuangbana…well, first of all, it’s the special architecture and marvelous natural views that attract me. Xishuangbanna is next to Thailand so it is influenced by the Thai culture. For that reason, there are plenty of delicate and unique Thai style buildings in that city. Besides, I want to visit the ‘Elephant Valley’ to see cute elephants.
五个感官: 看上去
architecture /ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/ 建筑设计;建筑风格;
marvelous /ˈmɑːvələs/ 了不起的
Thailand /‘taɪlænd/
influenced /ˈɪnfluənst/
culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/
delicate /ˈdelɪkət/ 精美的;脆弱的，易碎的;敏锐的，
Besides / bɪˈsaɪdz /
1.[PREP]Besides something or beside something means in addition to it. 除了
I think she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful.我觉得她除了非常漂亮之外，还有许多好的品质。
2.[ADV]Besides is also an adverb. 此外
You get to sample lots of baked things and take home masses of cookies besides.你可以品尝许多烘烤食品，此外还能带许多饼干回家。
3.[ADV]Besides is used to emphasize an additional point that you are making, especially one that you consider to be important. 而且
The house was out of our price range and too big anyway. Besides, I’d grown fond of our little rented house.反正这个房子超出了我们的预算范围，而且也太大了。再说，我已经渐渐喜欢上我们租的小房子了。
Plus, what attract me to go there would be the tropical fruits and special cuisine. I could enjoy some nice tropical fruits which are way more delicious and sweeter than what we can have in the northern part of China. Lastly, I have to mention that the local people are famous for their slow-paced life and I do need a holiday to help me to escape from the busy and stressful urban life, enjoying a short break in the relaxing atmosphere.
五个感官: 尝上去+ 感受
cuisine / kwɪˈziːn/ 烹调风格
在口语中 way=much
Plus / plʌs /
cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ 饭菜
slow-paced /sləʊ peɪst/ 速度缓慢的; 慢节奏的
atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/
其他两篇范文：
吵/人多的地方
Describe a noisy place you have been to.
You should say:
- What it is
- When you went there
- What you did there
- And explain why you feel it is a noisy place
Noisy places usually make people feel uncomfortable and stressed. However, today I’d like to talk about a noisy place I have been to and somehow I enjoyed the visit. It is actually a street market in my hometown located in the old district, about 20 minutes bus ride from my flat. I went there last winter, around the Spring Festival in China.
Noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/
somehow / ˈsʌmhaʊ / 由于某种不明原因，不知为什么
district /ˈdɪstrɪkt/
bus ride /bʌs raɪd/ 公交车乘坐：乘坐公交车的行为或过程。
As to what did there…well, the original purpose was to get some traditional things for the festival celebration, like some snacks, couplets, red envelopes, etc. After shopping, I also grabbed some local snacks, like candied haws, dumplings, fried pancakes which I hadn’t have for a long time.
original /əˈrɪdʒənl/
celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/
couplets /ˈkʌplɪts/ 对联; couplet的复数
envelopes /ˈenvələʊps/ n.信封;塑料封皮;塑料封套 red envelopes 红包
etc. = etcetera /ɪtˈset(ə)rə/ 等等
candied /ˈkæn.did/ 蜜饯的，糖渍的 haw / hɔː / 山楂果 candied haws /ˈkændid hɔːz/ 冰糖葫芦
dumplings /ˈdʌmplɪŋz/
pancakes /ˈpænkeɪks/ 薄饼
Moving on to why I felt it was a noisy place…firstly, there were so many vendors hawking along the street, trying to sell their products. It was something that could only be seen at some traditional markets in my hometown now. Also, it was noisy because the market was absolutely crowded. However, everyone was wearing a broad smile, enjoying the bustling and lively atmosphere.
vendors /ˈvɛndɔːz/ 小贩; vendor的复数
hawking v.沿街叫卖;咳痰 /ˈhɔːkɪŋ/ hawk /hɔːk/ 的现在分词
absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/ crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/
broad /brɔːd/ adj.广泛的;广阔的; a broad smile 灿烂的笑容;开怀大笑
bustling /ˈbʌslɪŋ/ adj.熙熙攘攘的;繁忙的
lively /ˈlaɪvli/ *adj.*活泼的，生气勃勃的；热闹的，激烈的；
On top of that, some local artists were performing on the small square located in the middle of the street. So the sound of music and people’s rounds of applause also made it a vibrant and jolly place. What impressed me most was the Lion Dance，a traditional dance for celebration. In the future, I would like to visit the place again if I have some free time.
artists /ˈɑːtɪsts/
square /skweə(r)/
rounds /raʊndz/ round /raʊnd/ (一) 轮 A round of (高尔夫球赛的) 一场
a round of applause 一阵掌声 rounds of applause 阵阵掌声
applause / əˈplɔːz / *n.*掌声，喝彩
vibrant /ˈvaɪbrənt/ adj.充满活力的，生气勃勃的;
jolly /ˈdʒɒli/ adj.快乐的;愉快的;
被污染的地方
Describe a place you visited where the air was polluted
You should say:
- Where the place is
- When you visited there
- Why the air was not good
- And explain how you felt about the place
Air pollution has been a severe issue in many cities around the world. Although the authorities have engaged many policies to deal with it, the problem is still there and now I want to describe a small village that has the same issue. It was actually last summer when I went to a village near my hometown with my friend for a short excursion. Before the trip, my expectation was pretty high as the place was recommended by many internet influencers and views there looked amazing. So my friend and I chose that place as our destination.
issue /ˈɪʃuː/
severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ 严峻的;严厉的;重的;
Although /ɔːlˈðəʊ/
authorities /ɔːˈθɒrɪtiz/ authority /ɔːˈθɒrəti/的复数 : 当局; 官方机构
engaged / ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd / （engage/ ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ / 的过去式和过去分词形式）从事，参与，着手处理
policy /ˈpɒləsi/ policies /ˈpɒləsiz/ engage policies 采取政策措施
village /ˈvɪl.ɪdʒ/ 村庄;村子
hometown /ˈhəʊm.taʊn/
excursion /ɪkˈskɜː.ʃ(ə)n/ （常指结伴同行的）远足，短途旅行
expectation /ˌek.spekˈteɪ.ʃən/ expect /ɪkˈspekt/
recommended /ˌrek.əˈmen.dɪd/
influencers /ˈɪn.flu.ən.sɚ/ someone who affects or changes the way that other people behave
destination /ˌdes.tɪˈneɪ.ʃ(ə)n/
As long as we went there, we noticed that the air was really bad as I started to cough on the first day. In the morning, we could see the village was full of smoke. We were so innocent, thinking it was because local people still used some traditional way to cook or barbecue some food. Gradually we realized that the weird smell and smoke were actually caused by the factories nearby.
cough /kɒf/ 咳，咳嗽
innocent /ˈɪn.ə.s(ə)nt/ （人）无罪的; 单纯的;天真的;幼稚的
weird /wɪəd/ 怪异的；不寻常的；出乎意料的；超自然的
factories /ˈfæktəriz/
Moving onto how I felt about the place…well, honestly, it was a pretty disappointing trip. Knowing the fact that it was such a polluted place, we lost our interests of hanging around. Originally, my friend and I planned to stay there for about four days. However, we ended up leaving the place after two days as we really concerned on our health. Also, I noticed that trees and flowers seemed lifeless there and I really hope the local government could take some efforts to solve the problem or they will lose more tourists in the future.
Knowing /ˈnəʊɪŋ/
hanging around /ˈhæŋɪŋ əˈraʊnd/
hang around （在某处）等待，闲逛，闲呆着
If you hang around, hang about, or hang round, you stay in the same place doing nothing, usually because you are waiting for something or someone.
polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/ adj.受污染的;被玷污的
originally /əˈrɪdʒənəli/ adv.原来;起初
planned /plænd/
ended up /ˈendɪd ʌp/ 结束;入选
concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/
lifeless /ˈlaɪf.ləs/ 死亡的，没有生命的; 没有生气的，无精打采的，乏味的 less /les/
government /ˈɡʌv.ən.mənt/
tourists /ˈtʊərɪsts/
事件题
讲一个故事，时态需要重点注意一下
一个故事的开展：3个阶段
- at the beginning: feel/ what happened/ how you reacted（刚开始：困难）
- turning point/ 故事发生中：对话/感受的变化（后面想到方法）
- result/ in the future： 学到了/ 将来是否做同样事情/感受（最后获得一个好的结果+感受）
感受的变化：
- 第一阶段：feeling + what happened
- 第二阶段：feeling + what happened
- 第三阶段：feeling + what happened
范文：taught a friend/relative
Describe a time when you taught a friend/relative.
You should say:
- Who you taught
- What you taught
- How the result was
- And explain how you felt about the experience
Now I want to tell you about my experience of teaching my cousin Jason who was an 8-year-old boy back then. Actually, it was last summer, when Jason’s mother, my aunt Hazel needed to get on a trip at a weekend and she asked me to help her take care of Jason, helping him to finish his English homework.
cousin /ˈkʌzən/
Jason /ˈdʒeɪs(ə)n/
back then 当时;那时候
aunt /ɑːnt/
Hazel /ˈheɪzl/
Honestly, I felt pretty nervous at the beginning cos I had never babysat any children before, not to mention tutoring them. Although I was pretty patient, Jason didn’t show great interests in learning. He kept on running around and asking me to watch cartoons with him. I definitely felt frustrated, feeling it was a wrong decision to do Hazel that favour.
Honestly / ˈɒnɪstli / *adv.*真诚地；公正地
babysat /ˈbeɪbisæt/ v.当临时保姆;代人临时照看小孩 babysit的过去分词和过去式
tutoring /ˈtjuːtərɪŋ/
didn’t / ˈdɪd(ə)nt /
kept / kept / keep 的过去式和过去分词
cartoons /kɑːˈtuːnz/
definitely /ˈdefɪnətli/ adv.肯定;当然;确实;
frustrated /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/ adj.沮丧的;沮丧;失意的;
wrong /rɒŋ/
decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n.(作出的)决定，抉择;
favour /ˈfeɪvə/ 美式拼写 favor ；do someone a favour 帮someone 的忙
When I was about to give it up, an idea hit me. I felt that playing some games or doing some activities, rather than pushing him to memorize those English words by rote might trigger his interests in learning. So what I did was to draw his favourite character, Spiderman on his note and started to copy some lines from the movie, mimicking Spiderman’s tone. That actually worked, and he kept on asking me what I said in English and I used the chance to teach him some new words which he could use to finish his homework.
be about to 即将要做某事
felt /felt/ feel 的过去式和过去分词
trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/ vt.触发;引起
draw /drɔː/
favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/
character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n.(事物、事件或地方的)特征;人物，角色;
Spiderman /‘spaɪdəmæn/
lines /laɪnz/ *n.*线；台词；航线（line 的复数）
mimic / ˈmɪmɪk / 模仿 mimicking / ˈmɪmɪkɪŋ /
tone / təʊn / *n.*语气，腔调，口吻
worked / wɜːkt /
used / juːst /
words / wɜːdz /
As to how I felt about my experience of teaching…well, I found it was a bit more difficult than I expected but I made it. At the end, I enjoyed that sense of achievement, not only from being a successful tutor, but also from being able to help others.
expected / ɪkˈspektɪd /
sense of achievement /sens ɒv əˈtʃiːvmənt/
successful /səkˈsesfl/
tutor /ˈtjuːtə(r)/
In the future…
范文：waited a long time for a nice thing
Describe a time when you waited a long time for a nice thing.
You should say:
- What you waited for
- Where you waited
- Why it was special
- And explain how you felt while you were waiting
I would like to talk about a time when I waited for the beautiful sunrise. It was one time I went to hike with my roommates in a mountain which was not far away from my university and as far as I remembered, it took us about 20 minutes to drive there. Then we walked for about 30 minutes until reaching the top of the mountain.
waited /ˈweɪtɪd/
as far as I remembered = as far as I know
take / teɪk / took/ tʊk / taken/ ˈteɪkən /
minutes / ˈmɪnɪts /
As to why it was special…well, it was my first time to watch the sunrise even though it happens every day. Also, I was about to graduate from my university and the trip to chase after the sunlight would be my precious memory.
even though /ˈiːvn ðəʊ/ 虽然，即使
chase /tʃeɪs/ chase after 追逐;追求（某人）
precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj.珍贵的;宝贵的;
Moving onto how I felt about the experience… to be honest, I felt a bit tired at the beginning… I got up round 4:30 which was pretty challenging. However, the feeling turned into a mix of excitement and serenity. While waiting, we just lied on the meadow. Also, the air was really fresh, mixed with the fragrance of meadow. The sky at that time still had a hint of dark blue because the sun hadn’t risen up yet and the whole place was so tranquil.
get/ ɡet / got/ ɡɒt / gotten / ˈɡɒtn /
challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ 有挑战性的
turn into 变成
a mix of excitement and serenity 兴奋与宁静的结合
excitement /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/
serenity /sə’renəti/
And then gradually, it turned into a very beautiful pink and salmon color. Looking far away, what attracted me was that the color had even got layers, I mean the area close to the sun was in a more golden and orange color and the part near us just got a bit lighter, which just looked amazing. I remember I was ever so excited and totally felt touched by the masterpiece of the nature. I had probably seen a sunrise in films or photos for thousands of times. However, when I actually watched it by myself, the feeling was so different and overwhelming.
范文：complaint & satisfied
Describe a time when you made a complaint and you were satisfied with the result.
You should say:
- When it happened
- Who you complained to
- What you complained about
- And explain why you were satisfied with the result
I’d like to talk about a time that I made a complaint and luckily, the result was satisfying. Last summer, to celebrate my friend’s birthday, I booked a table in a popular restaurant for about six persons.
complaint /kəmˈpleɪnt/
luckily /ˈlʌk.əl.i/
satisfying /ˈsæt.ɪs.faɪ.ɪŋ/ adj.令人满意(或满足)的
celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ restaurant /ˈrestrɒnt/
However, when we arrived there, the waiter could not find my name on the list. What irritated me was his attitude, I mean, without even trying to help us out, he just ignored the confirmation email I showed him and asked us to wait. You know, the place went viral on the Internet, which meant we needed to stand in the queue for at least one hour. For sure, I was furious and complained to the manager.
irritated /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/ *v.*激怒；使……无效；使……兴奋（irritate 的过去式和过去分词）
confirmation / ˌkɒnfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n /
viral /ˈvaɪrəl/
- adj. 病毒性的 viral infections
- adj（通过网络在个体之间迅速）病毒式的（传播）
- viral videos 病毒式传播的视频
- the film clip went viral 电影视频便病毒式地传开了
needed /ˈniː.dɪd/
stand in the queue/ kjuː / 排队
furious /ˈfjʊəriəs/ adj.激烈的;狂怒的;暴怒的;
For sure = certain or certainly 肯定的（地），确定的（地），无疑的（地）
manager /ˈmænɪdʒə(r)/
Fortunately, the manager had a totally different kind of attitude. Carefully reading the email, he firstly apologized to me, promising me that we could have the next available table. During the waiting time, we were offered some free snacks and champagne for passing time.
Fortunately /ˈfɔːtʃənətli/
totally /ˈtəʊtəli/
apologized /əˈpɒlədʒaɪzd/
promising /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/
available /əˈveɪləbl/
offered /ˈɒfəd/
champagne /ʃæmˈpeɪn/
pass time 通过时间;打发时间;消磨时间;消磨时光
At that point, I was not that angry any more, thanking him for his empathy and prompt solutions. But the manager actually went above and beyond by giving us a 10% discount and a free birthday cake.
empathy /ˈempəθi/ n.移情;同情;共鸣;同感
prompt /prɒmpt/ adj.迅速的;及时的;
above and beyond 超出某种要求或责任范围：远远超出了（某事物，如职责）所要求的。
She always goes above and beyond in her work, exceeding expectations.
她在工作中总是超出了期望，超越了预期。They go above and beyond the call of duty to respond to people in need.
他们超越了职责的召唤，对需要帮助的人做出回应。
As to why I felt happy with the result…well, first of all, the problem was solved and we did not wait for too long. Also, we were really touched by his sincerity and efforts. He was a kind of manager who showed genuine care to customers, providing very practical and efficient solutions. I guess in the future, we would definitely go to that restaurant again.
solved /sɒlvd/ touched /tʌtʃt/
sincerity /sɪn’serəti/ n.诚意;真挚;纯粹
efforts /ˈef.əts/ showed /ʃəʊd/
genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ 真正的; 真诚的
providing /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/ practical /ˈpræktɪkl/
efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ 有效率的 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ 有效果的
物品题
三个阶段+5感官可以结合起来
5感官：why
三阶段：how feel
intangible: 无形的物品
无形的物品题经常可以和**《事件题》+《地点题》**合并
范文：a water sport
Describe a water sport you would like to try in the future.
You should say:
- What it is
- What you need to do this sport
- Why you want to learn this sport
- And explain whether it is difficult or easy to learn this sport
I’d love to talk about a water sport I’m eager to try in the future: scuba diving. It’s this amazing activity where I get to explore the underwater world. To do scuba diving, I will need some essential gear like a dive mask, a suits, fins, an air tank, etc. Also, I feel it’ll be necessary for me to have training and certification to make sure I understand what I should do and stay safe.
scuba / ˈskuːbə / diving / ˈdaɪvɪŋ / scuba diving 潜水
gear / ɡɪə(r) / (用于特定活动的) 设备、服装
fins / fɪnz / 潜水用的脚蹼
air tank 氧气灌
etc. /‘etk/
certification /ˌsɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.证明;鉴定;出具课程结业证书
Well, what makes scuba diving so thrilling is the chance to witness the incredible marine life up close. Just picture this… colorful coral reefs, tropical fish gliding through the water, and encounters with all sorts of fascinating sea creatures in crystal clear water. I’ve always been captivated by the beauty of the underwater world, and scuba diving would allow me to experience it firsthand.
thrilling /ˈθrɪlɪŋ/ *adj.*令人激动的
marine / məˈriːn / 海洋的
up close adv.近距离观察;靠近地
encounters /ɪnˈkaʊntəz/ vt. 遭遇; 邂逅
picture vt.想像
coral / ˈkɒrəl / 珊瑚 reefs / riːfs / 礁 coral reefs 珊瑚礁
tropical / ˈtrɒpɪk(ə)l / adj.热带的，热带地区的；（天气）湿热的
gliding / ˈɡlaɪdɪŋ / 滑翔的 glide / ɡlaɪd / 滑行; 滑翔
through / θruː /
creatures / ˈkriːtʃəz /
crystal / ˈkrɪst(ə)l / n.结晶，晶体；水晶； crystal clear 晶莹的 ; 清澈透明的 ;
captivated / ˈkæptɪveɪtɪd / v.迷住；迷惑（captivate 的过去式）
firsthand adj.直接的；直接采购的；直接得来的 adv.直接地
In addition, I believe when I’m in water, all I could hear will be the sound of the waves and my own breath, which may help me feel like escaping from the real world. That will be totally different from other types of sports on land.
**Moving onto whether it will be difficult…**well, I would say learning scuba diving isn’t a piece of cake, but it’s totally doable with proper training. I’ll go through courses where I get to learn all about the equipment, how to plan dives, communicate underwater, and so on. Definitely hiring an instructor to guide me is important and with practice, I’ll become proficient. For sure, there are some challenges, like equalizing pressure in my ears and maintaining balance underwater, but with dedication and practice, I can overcome them.
doable / ˈduːəbl / 可行的
proper / ˈprɒpə(r) / 适当的 ; 正确的 ;
Definitely /ˈdefɪnətli/ adv.肯定;当然;
instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/ n.教练;(大学)讲师;导师
proficient /prəˈfɪʃnt/ adj.熟练的;精通的;娴熟的;训练有素的 n.专家;能手;老手
equalizing [ˈiːkwəlaɪzɪŋ] equalize / ˈiːkwəlaɪz / 使…平等; 使…均等 equalizing pressure 平衡压力
dedication /ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn/ 指的是决心、专注或热诚，表示一个人对某个目标或任务的投入和专注程度。
范文：environmental protection
Describe a law or regulation about environmental protection.
You should say:
- What it is
- How you first learned about it
- Who benefits from it
- And explain how you feel about this law or regulation.
We understand the importance of environment protection and lots of rules have been implemented to help the earth, like we need to pay for single-use plastic bags when shopping in a supermarket. Now I would like to talk about a regulation that the was put in place not long time ago in China, roughly in 2018. It’s municipal waste classification strategy, firstly started in Shanghai. Residents need to separate their household waste into four groups, namely recyclable, hazardous, wet, and dry waste, each of which would be assigned a different colored bin.
protection /prəˈtekʃn/ 其中/r/这个音不怎么发
implemented /ˈɪmplɪmentɪd/ v.实施;执行;贯彻;使生效 (implement的过去分词和过去式)
single-use plastic bags 一次性塑料袋 single-use /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/ plastic /ˈplæstɪk/
regulation /ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn/ 法规;(运用规则条例的)管理，控制;
be put in place 被安置好；被安排妥当
- The new regulations will be put in place next month. 新的规定将于下个月生效。
- What kind of systems should be put in place to prevent this sort of problem? 应该建立什么样的系统来防止这种问题？
- And what would happen depends on what kind of sanctions would be put in place.会发生什么取决于将实施何种制裁。
not long time ago 不久前 ; long time ago 很久以前
roughly /ˈrʌfli/ adv.大致;大约
municipal /mjuːˈnɪsɪp(ə)l/市政的 waste/weɪst/ classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/类别 strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/
Residents / ˈrezɪdənts /
separate / ˈseprət / 分开
namely /ˈneɪm.li/ 即，也就是说
recyclable / ˌriːˈsaɪkləbl / 可回收利用的，可再循环的
hazardous / ˈhæzədəs / 有危害的
wet / wet / dry / draɪ /
assigned / əˈsaɪnd / assign 的过去分词;
If you assign a characteristic or value to something, you say that it has it. 把…归属（于）;确定（属性等）
- Each visitor to the site chooses an online alter ego, which is assigned a name.
该网站的每个访问者都会选择一个线上的分身，后者会分配到一个名称。to give a particular job or piece of work to someone 分配;分派;指派
- UN troops were assigned the task of rebuilding the hospital. 重建这所医院的任务被指派给了联合国部队。
- The case has been assigned to our most senior officer. 这个案件已经指派给我们最高级别的警官来处理。
个人理解：assign sb sth– assign to sb
colored /ˈkʌləd/ 有颜色的;彩色的
bin /bɪn/ 垃圾箱;
I firstly learnt about it from social media, and lots articles and videos were actually talking about that policy. Some people found it was a bit difficult to decide which category their garbage belonged to. But with the support from the government, advertisement and volunteers, residents gradually got familiar with it and the majority of them could follow the guidance properly.
policy /ˈpɒl.ə.si/
garbage /ˈɡɑː.bɪdʒ/ 垃圾，废物
belonged /bɪˈlɒŋd/
government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ advertisement /ədˈvɜː.tɪs.mənt/ volunteers /ˌvɒlənˈtɪəz/
familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/ majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ properly / ˈprɒpəli /
As to who would benefit from it…I would say it is residents in cities who could enjoy its positive effects on daily basis. Lots of communities experienced a messy or stinky environment before because garbage disposal could be a daunting task. Plus, lots of people lack the awareness of environment protection and they probably just dumping trash on street or in bush without any penalties. Now the regulation practically regulates those people’s behavior.
basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ on daily basis 每天
stinky /ˈstɪŋki/ adj. 发恶臭的;十分难闻的;
before ： adv 以前 (做过某事)
- I’ve been here before. 我以前来过这儿。
- I had met Professor Lown before. 我以前见过劳恩教授。
communities /kəˈmjuːnɪtiz/
environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
disposal /dɪˈspəʊzl/ n.处理;处置;清除;
daunting /ˈdɔːntɪŋ/ adj.令人生畏的;使人畏惧的;令人胆怯的;让人气馁的
awareness /əˈweənəs/ protection /prəˈtekʃn/ probably /ˈprɒbəbli/
dumping /ˈdʌmpɪŋ/ dump /dʌmp/ vt.倾倒;
trash /træʃ/ n.垃圾; bush /bʊʃ/ *n.*灌木，灌木丛；
penalties /ˈpenəltiz/
practically /ˈpræktɪkli/ adv 几乎；差不多；很接近
behavior /bɪ’heɪvjə(r)/
Speaking of my feeling of the law, I definitely support it. Introducing this new law is a good start and we now have an effective solution to waste disposal issues. Moreover, the meaning lies in strengthening people’s awareness of environment protection, telling us that we can help with something small, and building good habits in a long term.
Introducing /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːsɪŋ/
meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ strengthening /ˈstreŋθnɪŋ/
habits /ˈhæbɪts/
tangible 有形的物品题
比较难合并
可以从以下3个方面来思考：
- 外形
- 功能/ 实用性
- 背后的故事
回答：explain how you feel about it ——三阶段
范文：a piece of clothes
Describe a piece of clothes you enjoy wearing.
You should say:
- what it is
- where you got it
- how often you wear it
- and explain why you enjoy wearing it.
I’d like to talk about a piece of clothes that I enjoy wearing. Actually, it’s an oversized T-shirt in baby blue. On the front, there is the logo, looking like two dolphins jumping out of water. While on the back, there are initials of my name and my lucky number 6. It’s a t-shirt like tailored for me.
wearing /ˈweərɪŋ/ wear /weə(r)/
oversized /ˈəʊvəsaɪzd/ 过大的;硕大的;大得超过正常的
baby blue /ˌbeɪbi ˈbluː/ adj.淡蓝色的;婴儿蓝的 n.淡蓝色;浅蓝色
[PREP]If something is in a particular colour, it has that colour. 带有…颜色的
…white flowers edged in pink. …带粉边的白花。dolphins /ˈdɒlfɪnz/
initials /ɪˈnɪʃlz/ n.首字母
It’s a t-shirt like tailored for me. 这句话的like是补空词，表示犹豫的时候用
tailored /ˈteɪləd/ v.专门制作;订做 tailor的过去分词和过去式
I like wearing it a lot because it’s made of 100% cotton and very comfy. Also, the color suits my skin tone very much. Like most T-shirts, it’s really easy to match, I mean no matter I wear a pair of jeans or a white skirt, it just makes me look very young and energetic. Somehow, the casual oversized cutting makes me look quite slim as well.
100% a hundred percent
cotton /ˈkɒtn/ 棉花(植株);棉;棉布;
comfy /ˈkʌmfi/ 舒适的;舒服的
suits /suːts/ skin tone /skɪn təʊn/ 肤色
a pair of /ə peə(r) ɒv/ pair /peə(r)/
jeans /dʒiːnz/ 牛仔裤 jean的复数
skirt /skɜːt/ 短裙;
energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/
casual / ˈkæʒuəl / *adj.*休闲的，便装的；随便的，非正式的；
oversized adj. 过大的 ; 硕大的 ;
cutting / ˈkʌtɪŋ / 剪裁
quite /kwaɪt/ quiet /ˈkwaɪət/
slim /slɪm/ 苗条的
Another reason why I like this T-shirt is that it carries my memories. When I play in the swimming team in my university, our coach gave us this specially tailored T-shirt for each of the team member. The dolphins are the mascot of our team, representing happiness, friendship and speed. Whenever we took part in a match, the whole team dressed in the same way.
university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/
mascot /ˈmæskət/吉祥物
representing /ˌreprɪˈzentɪŋ/ represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/
whole /həʊl/
in the same way adv.同样
Even now, as long as I wear the T-shirt, all the good time I spent with my team mates flashes back to me. So I cherish it a lot. For me, it’s not only a nice piece of clothes, but also a symbol of the efforts I took on the swimming competition back in my university.
flashes / ˈflæʃɪz / flash / ˈflæʃ / ①（使）闪耀，（使）闪光 ②飞驰，掠过 ③ （想法等）突然闪现
cherish /ˈtʃerɪʃ/ vt.珍惜;重视，珍视;
clothes /kləʊðz/ efforts /ˈefəts/
symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n.符号;象征
competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n.竞争;比赛;
[ADV]If you talk about something that happened back in the past or several years back, you are emphasizing that it happened quite a long time ago. 早在（强调）
The story starts back in 1950, when I was five. 这件事始于1950年，当时我5岁。
范文：a piece of technology
Describe a piece of technology that you feel difficult to use
You should say:
- When you got it
- What you got it for
- How often you use it
- And explain how you feel about it
Now I’d like to talk about a piece of technology that I find difficult to use. Actually, it’s VR headset. I got it about one year ago. It was pretty expensive and I could not afford it. But my cousin who has a full-time job bought it for me as a birthday gift. I really appreciated it and that was like a huge surprise.
technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ n.技术;科技;
headset /ˈhedset/
VR virtual reality /ˌvɜːtʃuəl riˈæləti/
cousin /ˈkʌzn/ nephew /ˈnefjuː/ 侄子;外甥
bought /bɔːt/ appreciated /əˈpriːʃieɪtɪd/
Speaking of what I used it for…well, mainly, I play some games. Before I got it, I planned to use it for learning skiing and surfing as it can work as a simulator. However, to achieve that, I need to buy more applications and facilities to go with the VR headset, so I gave it up. What happened was I played games with the VR headset almost every other day at the beginning. Now, I rarely use it cos it was not as handy as I expected.
planned /plænd/ skiing /ˈskiːɪŋ/ 滑雪 surfing /ˈsɜːfɪŋ/ 冲浪
simulator /ˈsɪmjuleɪtə(r)/ 模拟装置
applications /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)nz/ 应用 facilities /fəˈsɪlɪtiz/ facility/fəˈsɪləti/ 设施;设备;
every other day /ˈevri ˈʌðə(r) deɪ/ 每隔一天
handy /ˈhændi/ 方便的;便利;
Moving onto how I feel about it…well, I think it’s a kind of technology that is really difficult to adapt. For the first few times, I felt quite dizzy when wearing the headset. I thought it was because of the weight. After checking the reasons on the Internet, I got to know that it was common to cause eye strains and nausea due to the way VR affects our eye-brain connections. I did not expect that there are some potential health risk for using it.
adapt /əˈdæpt/
the first few times 前几次
dizzy /ˈdɪzi/ adj. 头晕的;眩晕的;
checking /ˈtʃekɪŋ/
common /ˈkɒmən/
strains /streɪnz/ strain/streɪn/ [U, C] 压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧等）
nausea /ˈnɔːziə/ N-UNCOUNT 恶心;呕吐感
due to /djuː tu/ affects /əˈfekts/ 影响;使感染;
eye-brain connections /aɪ breɪn kəˈnekʃənz/ 眼脑连接
expect /ɪkˈspekt/ potential /pəˈtenʃl/
Also, it is not very compatible and cannot provide the full experience, I also need to pay extra for some facilities and apps. So it’s not something very cost-effective.
compatible /kəmˈpætəbl/ adj. 可以并存, 相容, 协调
the full experience /ðə fʊl ɪkˈspɪəriəns/完整的体验
extra /ˈekstrə/ cost-effective /ˌkɒst ɪˈfektɪv/ adj.划算的;有成本效益的;性价比高的;有最佳利润的
In the future…
范文：a piece of good news
Describe a piece of good news that you heard about someone you know well
You should say:
- What it was
- When you heard it
- How you knew it
- And explain how you felt about it
The piece of good new I heard recently was about my friend Jay who has recently graduated from university. The good news was that Jay got a job offer from Tesla and his title would be Business Analyst. Actually, I heard the news about one month ago and Jay called me to deliver the news right after he got the offer email. From his voice, I could tell how excited he was. Then, he shared the good new on social media and got lots of good wishes.
recently /ˈriːsntli/ adv.最近;不久前 (t可以不读)
graduated /ˈɡrædʒueɪtɪd/ Tesla /‘teslə/ title /ˈtaɪtl/
Business Analyst /ˈbɪznəs ˈænəlɪst/ deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/
excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ shared /ʃeəd/ wishes /ˈwɪʃɪz/
As to how I felt about this… well, for sure, I’m so happy for him because it’s a job that he always wanted. The salary is pretty good and also, Jay would get a good benefit package, including a bunch of training sessions to help him get adapted to this new job.
salary /ˈsæləri/
benefit package /ˈbenɪfɪt ˈpækɪdʒ/ 福利待遇
training sessions /ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈsɛʃənz/ 培训课程
adapted /əˈdæptɪd/
Also, I felt proud of him as I knew what he had done and what kinds of efforts he made to get this job offer. For example, to pass the bilingual interview, he spent so much time on practicing English. Every morning, what he did was to get up around 6.00 to practice in front of the mirror. Plus, to better understand the role, he read many cases and articles about e-commerce and consumers’ behavior. So it was like his dream came true.
proud /praʊd/
bilingual /ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/ 双语的; bilingual interview双语面试
six /sɪks/ mirror /ˈmɪrə(r)/
e-commerce /i:’kɒmɜ:s/ 电子商务
So it was like his dream came true. 就好像他的梦想成真了。
[PREP]If you say that one person or thing is like another, you mean that they share some of the same qualities or features. 像
It’s a bit like going to the dentist. 这有点像去看牙医
Jay’s success also kind of inspired me to work hard to chase after what I really want and step out of my comfort zone, setting no limit to myself.
inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/
comfort zone /ˈkʌmfət zəʊn/ 舒适区
In the future…
05. Part three
2 topics
8-10 questions
based on your answers in part 2
Different functions of the language
回答part three 的问题不能只给一个简单的回答，需要：论点+ 例子/ 原因/ 结果/影响等等
speculating and predicting 推断和预测
表示推断的句式或短语：
- I guess/ In my imagination/ I suppose（替换I think）
- could / can/ might/ may…
- Probably/ it’s possible that
- It’s likely/ unlikely/ …It seems that…
- most people/ young persons/ business men…
- tend to do…
Do science and technology improve the relationship between people?(Yes/No)
I guess yes. Science and technology could help us to break the limit of time and space to some extent. For example, there are a variety of methods to communicate with people, like using mobile phones, laptops and tablet computers to talk to our friends or families anywhere, even when we are in different countries. Also, talking to people through mobile phone while eating, walking, is very common for us now.
guess/ɡes/ Science /ˈsaɪəns/ technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/
extent /ɪkˈstent/ 其中/ten/读的像/den/
variety /vəˈraɪəti/ methods /ˈmeθədz/
laptops /ˈlæpˌtɒps/ 笔记本电脑; tablet /ˈtæblət/ 平板
What will the house be like in the future?
I guess there could a lot of changes. Firstly, in my imagination, houses would be equipped with high-technology facilities, like robot cleaner, voice-controlled TV and lights and so on, which will make our homes more enjoyable and comfortable. Another possible change might be that the location of our houses. It’s very probable for us to see houses that are under the sea or even on other planets thanks to the advancement of technology.
imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/ n.想象;想象力;
equipped /ɪˈkwɪpt/ high-technology /ˌhaɪ tekˈnɒlədʒi/ 高科技
controlled /kənˈtrəʊld/ enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj.愉快的;有乐趣的
possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ houses /ˈhaʊzɪz/ probable /ˈprɒbəbl/
planets /ˈplænɪts/ advancement /ədˈvɑːnsmənt/
Do you think many people waste their time online?
I guess yes. Although the Internet helps us improve efficiency on many aspects, many online activities could be time-consuming. For example, playing games online could take young persons hours to practice and win a game. Also, it’s very common to see some people spend hours on ‘Vampire shopping’ and buy something they would feel regretful on the next day. I would say those activities do eat up a lot of our time.
aspects /‘æspekts/ activities /ækˈtɪvɪtiz/ activity /ækˈtɪvəti/
time-consuming /ˈtaɪm kənsjuːmɪŋ/费时的;耗时间的
Vampire /ˈvæmpaɪə(r)/ /ˈvæmpaɪə(r)/
- a vampire shopper 吸血鬼购物者, 比喻喜欢在夜晚上网购物的人们
- Vampire shopping 夜晚购物的行为
regretful /rɪˈɡretfl/ 遗憾的;后悔的;失望的;令人惋惜的
eat up /iːt ʌp/ 吃光;耗尽;击垮
Comparing 对比比较
对比比较的要点：
- 两方面都要提及
- in contrast
- on the other hand,
- compared to…
- 比较级
Which is better? Working for big companies? or Small companies?
I guess working for big companies is better because they usually enjoy more resources, like offering better training to employees. Also, the rules and regulations might be better carried out so it just feels more professional to work in bigger corporations.
In contrast, some small companies may not have systematic rules. Plus, there might be less promotion chances because important decisions are normally made by the owner who can monopolize the place easily. Most employees might not have many opportunities to show their potential.
companies /ˈkʌmpəniz/ company /ˈkʌmpəni/
usually /ˈjuːʒuəli/ resources /rɪˈsɔːsɪz/ resource /rɪˈsɔːs/
employees /ɪmˈplɔɪ.iːz/ employee /ɪmˈplɔɪ.iː/
In contrast /ɪn ˈkɒntrɑːst/ 相反 systematic /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/ 系统的
promotion /prəˈməʊʃn/ chances /ˈtʃɑːnsɪz/ chance /tʃɑːns/ promotion chances 晋升机会
normally /ˈnɔːməli/ adv.通常;正常情况下; owner /ˈəʊnə(r)/
monopolize /məˈnɒpəlaɪz/ vt.垄断;独占;包办;
opportunities /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtiz/ opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/
giving reasons 原因分析
原因的题目是我们比较熟悉的，但是有一些显而易见的题目，比如为什么人喜欢钱、为什么人喜欢出面；很难想出理由，这个时候可以用：‘人群例’来证明
Why do people want to be famous?
There could be different reasons. I guess the most obvious one is that fame can bring money. For example, actors and actresses could have more advertisement contracts once they get famous. Another example is that the Internet celebrities basically use their fame to attract more fans to buy products they sell.
obvious /ˈɒbviəs/ fame /feɪm/
actors /ˈæktəz/ actor/ˈæktə(r)/ actresses /ˈæktrɪsɪz/ actress /ˈæktrəs/
advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/
contracts /kənˈtrækts/ contract /kənˈtrækt/ 合同;合约;
famous /ˈfeɪməs/ celebrities /sɪˈlebrɪtiz/ celebrity /səˈlebrəti/(r不怎么读)
优缺点分析 advantages and disadvantages
优点： benefit/ favourable aspect
缺点： limitation/ drawback
What are the advantages and disadvantages of eating in a restaurant?
Let me start with the positive sides. By eating in a restaurant, we can enjoy cuisines from different regions or countries. For example, we can just walk into restaurants and enjoy a variety of dishes cooked by skilled professional chefs. However, I cannot deny there are some negative aspects. What worries us would be the hygiene in a restaurant. Or normally, it would be more pricey to dine out, especially eating in a fine posh French restaurant.
restaurant / ˈrestrɒnt / cuisines /kwiˈziːnz/
dishes /ˈdɪʃɪz/ cooked /kʊkt/ skilled /skɪld/ chefs /ʃefs/
deny /dɪˈnaɪ/ negative /ˈneɡətɪv/
hygiene /ˈhaɪdʒiːn/ n.卫生
pricey /ˈpraɪsi/ 昂贵的
- 比较级 pricier/ˈpraɪsiər/ 或more pricey
- 最高级 priciest/ˌpraɪsiɪst/ 或most pricey
dine out /daɪn aʊt/ 外出就餐 especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/
posh /pɒʃ/ adj.上流社会的;富丽堂皇的;优雅豪华的;
French /frentʃ/
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